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 Main Index : Bible Dictionaries : Easton's Bible Dictionary : Search Easton's Bible Dictionary

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Chronology
Chronology: Is the arrangement of facts and events in the order of time. The writers of the Bible themselves do not adopt any standard era according to which they date events. Sometimes the years are reckoned, e.g., from the time of the Exodus (Numbers 1:1; 33:38; 1 Kings 6:1) and sometimes from the accession of kings (1 Kings 15:1,9,25,33) etc., and sometimes again from the return from Exile (Ezra 3:8) Hence in constructing a system of Biblecal chronology, the plan has been adopted of reckoning the years from the ages of the patriarchs before the birth of their first-born sons for the period from the Creation to Abraham. After this period other data are to be taken into account in determining the relative sequence of events. As to the patriarchal period, there are three principal systems of chronology:

1. that of the Hebrew text,

2. that of the Septuagint version, and

3. that of the Samaritan Pentateuch The Samaritan and the Septuagint have considerably modified the Hebrew chronology. This modification some regard as having been wilfully made, and to be rejected. The same system of variations is observed in the chronology of the period between the Flood and Abraham. Thus:

Hebrew Septuigant Samaritan

From the birth of Arphaxad, 2 years after the Flood, to the birth of Terah. 220 1000 870

From the birth of Terah to the birth of Abraham. 130 70 72

The Septuagint fixes on seventy years as the age of Terah at the birth of Abraham, from (Genesis 11:26) but a comparison of (Genesis 11:32) (Acts 7:4; Genesis 12:4) shows that when Terah died, at the age of two hundred and five years, Abraham was seventy-five years, and hence Terah must have been one hundred and thirty years when Abraham was born. Thus, including the two years from the Flood to the birth of Arphaxad, the period from the Flood to the birth of Abraham was three hundred and fifty-two years. The next period is from the birth of Abraham to the Exodus. This, according to the Hebrew, extends to five hundred and five years. The difficulty here is as to the four hundred and thirty years mentioned (Exodus 12:40,41; Galatians 3:17) These years are regarded by some as dating from the covenant with Abraham (Genesis 15:1)ff which was entered into soon after his sojourn in Egypt; others, with more probability, reckon these years from Jacob's going down into Egypt.

(See EXODUS)

In modern times the systems of Biblical chronology that have been adopted are chiefly those of Ussher. He follows the Hebrew text only. These dates may be in error by 1 or 2 per cent but serve as an accurate time frame for past events. Dates based on the Septuagint or other versions are very inaccurate.

Ussher B.C. Creation of Universe 4004 Flood 2348 Abram leaves Haran 1921 Exodus 1491 Destruction of the Temple 588




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