Ps 88:1-18. Upon Mahalath--either an instrument, as a lute, to be used as an accompaniment (Leannoth, "for singing") or, as others think, an enigmatic title (see on Ps 5:1, Ps 22:1, and Ps 45:1, titles), denoting the subject--that is, "sickness or disease, for humbling," the idea of spiritual maladies being often represented by disease (compare Ps 6:5,6 22:14,15, &c.). On the other terms, see on Ps 42:1 and Ps 32:1. Heman and Ethan (see on Ps 89:1, title) were David's singers (1Ch 6:18,33 15:17), of the family of Kohath. If the persons alluded to (1Ki 4:31 1Ch 2:6), they were probably adopted into the tribe of Judah. Though called a song, which usually implies joy (Ps 83:1), both the style and matter of the Psalm are very despondent; yet the appeals to God evince faith, and we may suppose that the word "song" might be extended to such compositions.
3. grave--literally, "hell" (Ps 16:10), death in wide sense. 4. go . . . pit--of destruction (Ps 28:1). as a man--literally, "a stout man," whose strength is utterly gone. 5. Free . . . dead--Cut off from God's care, as are the slain, who, falling under His wrath, are left, no longer sustained by His hand. 6. Similar figures for distress in Ps 63:9 69:3.
7. Compare Ps 38:2, on first, and Ps 42:7, on last clause.
8. Both cut off from sympathy and made hateful to friends (Ps 31:11). 9. Mine eye mourneth--literally, "decays," or fails, denoting exhaustion (Ps 6:7 31:9). I . . . called--(Ps 86:5,7). stretched out--for help (Ps 44:20). 10. shall the dead--the remains of ghosts. arise--literally, "rise up," that is, as dead persons. 11, 12. amplify the foregoing, the whole purport (as Ps 6:5) being to contrast death and life as seasons for praising God. 13. prevent--meet--that is, he will diligently come before God for help (Ps 18:41). 14. On the terms (Ps 27:9 74:1 77:7).
15. from . . . youth up--all my life.
16, 17. the extremes of anguish and despair are depicted. 18. into darkness--Better omit "into"--"mine acquaintances (are) darkness," the gloom of death, &c. (Job 17:13,14).
