16:1 And 1 I heard a great voice out of the temple saying to
the seven angels, Go your ways, and pour out the vials of
the wrath of God upon the earth.
(1) In the former chapter was set down the preparation to the
work of God: here is delivered the execution of it. In this
discourse of the execution, is a general commandment, in
this verse, then a particular recital in order of the
execution done by every of the seven angels, in the rest of
the chapter. This special execution against Antichrist and
his crew does in manner agree to that which was generally
done on the whole world, chapters eight and nine and
belongs (if my conjecture fail me not) to the same time.
Yet in here they differ from one another, that this was
particularly effected on the princes and ringleaders of the
wickedness of the world, the other generally against the
whole world being wicked. Therefore these judgments are
more grievous than those.
16:22 And the first went, and poured out his vial upon the
earth; and there fell a noisome and grievous sore upon the
men which had the 3 mark of the beast, and [upon] them
which worshipped his image.
(2) The history of the first angel, whose plague on the earth
is described almost in the same words with that sixth
plague of the Egyptians in (Ex 9:9). But it does
signify a spiritual vicar, and that torture or butchery of
conscience seared with a hot iron, which accuses the
ungodly within, and both by truth of the word (the light of
which God has now so long shown forth) and by bitterness
stirs up and forces out the sword of God's wrath.
(3) See (Re 13:16)
16:34 And the second angel poured out his vial upon the sea;
and it a became as the blood of a dead [man]: and every
living soul died in the sea.
(4) The history of the second angel, who troubles and molests
the seas, that he may stir up the conscience of men
sleeping in their wickedness; (Re 8:8).
(a) It was turned into rotten and filthy blood, such as is
in dead bodies.
16:45 And the third angel poured out his vial upon the rivers
and fountains of waters; and they became blood.
(5) The story of the third angel striking the rivers, in this
verse, who proclaiming the justice of God, commends the
same by a grave comparison of the sins of men, with the
punishment of God: which is common to this place, and that
which went before. Wherefore also this praising is
attributed to the angel of the waters, a name common to the
second and third angels, according as both of them are said
to be sent against the waters, though the one of the sea,
the other of the rivers, in (Re 16:5-6).
16:76 And I heard another out of the altar say, Even so, Lord
God Almighty, true and righteous [are] thy judgments.
(6) A confirmation of the praise before going out of the
sanctuary of God, whether immediately by Christ, or by some
one of his angels, for Christ also is called another angel;
(Re 3:8,7:2,12:1)
16:87 And the fourth angel poured out his vial upon the sun;
and power was given unto him to scorch men with fire.
(7) The story of the fourth angel, who throws the plague on the
heavens and on the sun, of which Luke notes the effects in
(Lu 21:26). The one peculiar, that it shall scorch men
with heat in this verse. The other proceeding accidentally
from the former, that their fury shall so much more be
enraged against God in (Re 16:9), when yet (O wonderful
mercy and patience of God) all other creatures are first
stricken often and grievously by the hand of God before
mankind, by whom he is provoked: as the things before
declare.
16:108 And the fifth angel poured out his vial upon the seat
of the beast; and his kingdom was full of darkness; and
they gnawed their tongues for pain,
(8) The story of the first angel, who strikes the kingdom of
the beast with two plagues abroad the darkness, with biles
and distresses most grievous, throughout his whole kingdom
that by this he might wound the conscience of the wicked,
and punish the perverse obstinacy of the idolaters: of
which arose perturbation, and thence a furious indignation
and desperate madness, raging against God and hurtful to
itself.
16:129 And the sixth angel poured out his vial upon the great
river 10 Euphrates; and 11 the water thereof was dried
up, 12 that the way of the kings of the east might be
prepared.
(9) The story of the sixth angel, divided into his act, and the
event of it. The act is, that the angel cast out of his
mouth the plague of a most glowing heat, in which even the
greatest floods, and which most were accustomed to swell
and overflow (as Euphrates) were dried up, by the counsel
of God in this verse. The event is, that the madness with
which the wicked are enraged that they may scorn the
judgments of God, and abuse them furiously to serve their
own turn, and to the executing of their own wicked outrage.
(10) The bound of the spiritual Babylon, and to the fortresses
of the same (Re 9:14).
(11) So the Church of the ungodly, and kingdom of the beast is
said to be left naked, all the defences of it in which
they put their trust, being taken away from it.
(12) That is, that even they who dwell further off, may with
more convenience make haste to the sacrifice, which the
Lord has appointed.
16:13 And I saw 13 three unclean spirits 14 like frogs
[come] out of the mouth of the 15 dragon, and out of the
mouth of the 16 beast, and out of the mouth of the 17
false prophet.
(13) That is, every one of them focus their whole force, and
conspired that by wonders, word and work they might bring
into the same destruction all kings, princes and
potentates of the world, cursedly bewitched by them by
their spirits, and teachers of the vanity and impunity of
the beast that committed fornication with the kings of the
earth. This is a good description of our times.
(14) Croaking with all importunity and continually day and
night provoking and calling forth to arms, as the trumpets
and furies of wars, as is declared in (Re 16:14).
(15) That is, the devil; (Re 12:3)
(16) See (Re 13:1).
(17) That is, of that other beast; (Re 13:11), for so he is
called also in (Re 19:20,20:10).
16:1518 Behold, I come as a thief. Blessed [is] he that
watcheth, and keepeth his garments, lest he walk naked,
and they see his shame.
(18) A parenthesis for admonition, in which God warns his holy
servants, who rest in the expectation of Christ, always to
think of his coming, and to look to themselves, that they
be not shamefully made naked and circumvented of these
unclean spirits, and so they be miserable unprepared at
the coming of the Lord; (Mt 24:29,25:13).
16:1619 And he gathered them together into a place called in
the Hebrew tongue 20 Armageddon.
(19) Namely the angel, who according to the commandment of God,
was to do sacrifice: nonetheless that those impure spirits
do the same wickedly, as servants not to God, but to the
beast that has seven heads.
(20) That is, (to say nothing of other expositions) the
mountain itself, or mountain places of Megiddon. Now it is
certain by the Holy Scripture, that Megiddon is a city and
territory in the tribe of Manasseh, bordering on Issachar
and Asher, and was made famous by the lamentable overthrow
of king Josias; (2Ch 35:22,Zec 12:11). In this
mountain country God says by figure or type that the kings
of the people who serve the beast shall meet together;
because the Gentiles did always cast that lamentable
overthrow in the teeth of the Church of the Jews, to their
great reproach and therefore were persuaded that that
place should be most fortunate to them (as they speak) and
unfortunate to the godly. But God here pronounces, that
that reproach of the Church and confidence of the ungodly,
shall by himself be taken away, in the same place where
the nations persuaded themselves, they should mightily
exult and triumph against God and his Church.
16:1721 And the seventh angel poured out his vial into the
22 air; and there came a great voice out of the temple
of heaven, from 23 the throne, saying, 24 It is done.
(21) The story of the seventh angel to the end of the chapter,
in which first is shown by sign and speech, the argument
of this plague, in this verse: and then is declare the
execution of it in the verses following.
(22) From whence he might move the heaven above, and the earth
beneath.
(23) That is, from him that sits on the throne, by metonymy.
(24) That is, Babylon is undone, as is shown in (Re 16:19)
and in the chapters following. For the first onset (as I
might say) of this denunciation, is described in this
chapter: and the last containing a perfect victory, is
described in those that follow.
16:1825 And there were voices, and thunders, and lightnings;
and there was a great earthquake, such as was not since
men were upon the earth, so mighty an earthquake, [and] so
great.
(25) Now is declared the execution (as is said) in (Re 16:17)
and the things that shall last come to pass in heaven and
in earth before the overthrow of the beast of Babylon: both
generally in (Re 16:18) and particularly in the cursed
city, and such as have any familiarity with it, in the last
verses.
16:1926 And the great city was divided into three parts, and
the cities of the nations 27 fell: and great 28
Babylon came in remembrance before God, to give unto her
the cup of the wine of the fierceness of his wrath.
(26) The seat or standing place of Antichrist.
(27) Of all who cleave to Antichrist and fight against Christ.
(28) That harlot, of whom in the next chapter following. Now
this phrase "to come into remembrance" is from the Hebrew
language, borrowed from men, and attributed to God.
16:20 And every island fled away, and the mountains 29 were
not b found.
(29) That is, were seen no more, or were no more extant. A
borrowed Hebraism.
(b) Literally "appeared not"; (Ge 5:24)
16:2130 And there fell upon men a great hail out of heaven,
[every stone] about the weight of a c talent: and men
blasphemed God because of the plague of the hail; for the
plague thereof was exceeding great.
(30) The manner of the particular execution, most evidently
testifying the wrath of God by the original and greatness
of it: the event of which is the same with that which is
in (Re 9:12) and that which has been mentioned in this
chapter, from the execution of the fourth angel till now,
that is to say, an incorrigible pertinency of the world in
their rebellion, and a heart that cannot repent;
(Re 16:9,10).
(c) About the weight of a talent, and a talent was sixty
pounds, that is, six hundred groats, by which is
signified a marvellous and strange weight.
